The MTHFR gene mutation impairs the body’s ability to efficiently convert 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate into 5-methyltetrahydrofolate.

Taking a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) can increase the risk of developing a B12 deficiency.

L-methylmalonyl synthase is a coenzyme that participates directly with myelin sheath maintenance.

Vitamin A and carotenoids require enzymatic cleavage and digestion of associated proteins and fats to be absorbed in the small intestine

Transcriptional factors that we have covered this semester are zinc, calcitriol, retinoic acid, and iodine.

Intrinsic factor is needed for B12’s absorption. 

Which of the follow is correct about the forms of vitamin A.

Carotenoids are better absorbed from processed juices compared to whole food sources.

A multivitamin with vitamin C and copper can decrease that amount of B12 available for absorption.

The recommendation for B12 for a lactating female (19-70 years) is 2.6 mcg.