The algae in the lichen is able to undergo photosynthesis.

A patient with depression begins taking a probiotic formulation containing Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. According to the lecture, the primary goal of this therapy is to:

A patient lacks functional MHC class II molecules. Which outcome is most likely?

 A patient develops recurrent gonococcal infections despite previous exposure. Which bacterial immune evasion mechanism most likely explains these recurrent infections?

Use this equation: p + q = 1 p= 0.7 Calculate q= [q]

Cytosine is complementary to what base? [a] What type of nucleotide is cytosine? [b]

A pregnant woman has immunity to rubella from childhood vaccination. Her newborn is born with detectable anti-rubella IgG but no IgM. What is the best explanation?

Which of the following is one of the characteristics of life? [a] Grass are living organisms.  Grass are composed of cells. [b] Grass are able to undergo photosynthesis to make their own food.  Grass is what type of organism? [c]

Identify this organisms. [i] This organism belongs to what phylum? [p]

Flatworms belong to what phylum? [p]   Elephants have backbones.  Therefore, elephants belong to what phylum? [w]