Spermiogenesis is best defined as:

If DNA damage is detected at the G₁ checkpoint, the cell will most likely:

Which actor plays the role of John Q Archibald?

What is the name of John Quincy Archibald’s son?

I have read through the syllabus and understand that it is an agreement between myself and Dr. Beckermann on how the course functions. Name: Date: Belmont Email: Course Section:

Student Support & Belonging Welcome I am glad you are here. This classroom is a place where every student is treated with dignity and respect, where questions are valued, and where we learn from one another. If there is anything I can do to help you learn more effectively, please let me know. How to Succeed in A&P II This course is not A&P I with different words. In A&P I much of the work was learning names: bones, muscles, origins and insertions. That kind of studying will not carry you through this semester. A&P II is about mechanism. Most exam questions ask you to explain why something happens or predict what happens next, not to label a diagram. Plan to change how you study, not just how much. •   Expect 8 to 12 hours per week outside of class. That is real, and it is front-loaded. Students who struggle are usually the ones who studied lightly through the endocrine unit and then tried to catch up during cardiovascular. •   Ask four questions about every structure we cover. What is it, what does it do, how is it regulated, and what happens when that regulation fails. If you can answer all four without notes, you know it. If you can only answer the first, you have memorized a label. •   Draw it. Blank paper, no notes. The nephron, the cardiac conduction system, the path of blood through the heart, the pathway of a hormone from gland to target. If you cannot draw it from memory, you do not know it yet. •   Lab is exam preparation, not a separate class. Lab material appears on the lecture exams. The ECG, spirometry, blood typing, and urinalysis sessions are where the clinical reasoning on those exams comes from. •   Do Mastering as practice, not as a chore to clear. Working the problems a few days before the exam tells you what you do not know while there is still time to fix it. •   Three units give people the most trouble. Renal physiology, blood pressure regulation, and fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. All three punish memorization and reward understanding the mechanism. Come see me early in those units rather than after the exam. •   Explain it out loud to someone. A study partner, a roommate, an empty room. You will find the gaps in about thirty seconds. •   Come to office hours before you are in trouble. I have eight hours a week and they are usually quiet. The conversation is much better in week 3 than in week 13. Basic Needs Any student who has difficulty affording food, who lacks a safe and stable place to live, or who is facing other hardships that affect their learning is urged to contact the Office of the Dean of Students, and to reach out to me if you are comfortable doing so. Belmont wants to support you. See the Bruin Guide for available resources. Mental Health & Wellbeing Your wellbeing matters to your success. If stress, anxiety, or other challenges are affecting your work or your life, help is available through Belmont’s counseling and wellbeing resources; see the Bruin Guide. Asking for support is a sign of strength, and I am glad to help you connect with the right resource. Useful Links   •   Belmont Academic Calendar •   Belmont Final Exam Schedules •   Belmont Classfinder •   Office of Accessibility Services •   Belmont Testing Center •   Belmont Class Attendance Policy •   Belmont Bruin Guide •   Belmont AI Commons    

If you have any specific thoughts or questions about the syllabus or the course, please post them here. I will read through these and reply as needed. If you would like me to get back to you personally, leave your email address in this prompt, and I will be in touch.

Instructor Information Instructor Tom Beckermann, Ph.D. Email (preferred) tom.beckermann@belmont.edu Please include your course and section number in the subject line. Phone (615) 460-5196   ·   Department of Biology: (615) 460-6431 Office AYRS 2123, Janet Ayers Academic Center Office hours Schedule a time  →  bit.ly/Beckermann Fall 2026 office hours Mon · Wed · Thu · Fri 10:00 – 11:00 a.m. Tuesday 2:00 – 4:00 p.m. Mon · Wed 3:00 – 4:00 p.m. Additional hours may be available by request. Communication & response time Email is the best way to reach me. I will do my best to reply within 48 hours. Weekend emails are usually answered by Monday afternoon.  

  Department of Biology Human Anatomy & Physiology II BIO 2240  ·  Sections 02, 04, 06  ·  Fall 2026 / 202710  ·  4 Credit Hours   Belmont University is a Christ-centered community committed to the pursuit of wisdom. In this course, we engage learning as a shared endeavor, practiced with intellectual humility, curiosity, and respect for one another. We affirm the dignity and worth of every person and seek to engage in constructive dialogue across differences, cultivating a learning community where all can contribute and flourish. Course Information Course BIO 2240 — Human Anatomy & Physiology II · Sections 02, 04, 06 Term Fall 2026 / 202710 · August 19 – December 10, 2026 Credit hours 4 Modality In person Course type Lecture with required laboratory Department Department of Biology, College of Sciences & Mathematics Prerequisite BIO 2230 with a grade of “C-” or better; “C” or better for nursing majors Catalog description A study of the endocrine, cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, renal, and reproductive systems of the human body. Three hours lecture and two hours laboratory per week. $50.00 course fee. Required text Martini, Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology, 12th Edition With Mastering A&P access. Required access Mastering A&P online portal. An access code is required. Technology needed A laptop running Google Chrome with a working webcam and microphone, for Honorlock-proctored exams. Canvas and Mastering A&P. Meeting Times & Locations Section Lecture (MWF) Laboratory Room Final Exam 02 9:00 – 9:50 a.m. Thursday · 11:00 – 12:50 p.m. AYRS 3085 Tue, Dec 8 · 8:00 a.m. 04 2:00 – 2:50 p.m. Tuesday · 9:00 – 10:50 a.m. AYRS 3085 Wed, Dec 9 · 2:00 p.m. 06 11:00 – 11:50 a.m. Thursday · 2:00 – 3:50 p.m. AYRS 3085 Mon, Dec 7 · 11:00 a.m. Course Objectives & Student Learning Outcomes This course completes the two-semester study of human anatomy and physiology begun in BIO 2230. Where A&P I concentrated on tissues and the systems that support movement and sensation, A&P II examines the organ systems that regulate, transport, exchange, and eliminate: endocrine, reproductive, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, and urinary. The emphasis throughout is on mechanism. The goal is not to memorize a parts list but to be able to explain why a structure is built the way it is, how it is regulated, and what happens when that regulation fails. Student Learning Outcomes By the end of this course, students will be able to: 1.  Explain how the structure of an organ, tissue, or cell enables its physiological function in the endocrine, reproductive, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, and urinary systems. 2.  Trace the pathway of a substance through a system in order — blood through the heart and vasculature, air through the respiratory tract, a nutrient through the digestive tract, filtrate through the nephron, a hormone from gland to target — and describe what happens to it at each step. 3.  Describe the regulatory mechanisms that maintain homeostasis, including negative and positive feedback, and predict how a system responds to a specific disturbance. 4.  Predict the physiological consequences of a disruption to a normal process and connect those consequences to the signs and symptoms a patient would show. 5.  Interpret common clinical measurements — blood pressure, ECG tracings, spirometry values, blood glucose, blood type, and urinalysis findings — and explain each result in terms of the underlying physiology. 6.  Analyze how organ systems work together, including cardiovascular and respiratory cooperation in gas transport, and renal and respiratory cooperation in acid-base and fluid balance. 7.  Use anatomical and physiological terminology accurately in written explanations and in discussion. Teaching Methods In-person lectures and laboratory sessions, with individual and group work to prepare for in-person exams. Lectures cover anatomy and in-depth physiology; laboratory periods reinforce those concepts through class discussion and hands-on exercises. The course meets for three lecture periods and one two-hour laboratory session each week.      

Course Policies Attendance & Participation Belmont University is committed to the idea that regular class attendance is essential to successful scholastic achievement. Absence is excused only in cases of illness or other legitimate cause. Attendance is checked from the first class meeting. Late registrants will have accrued some absences prior to formal registration in the course. In the case of excused absence from class, students have the right and responsibility to make up all class work missed.   •   Absences may be excused for illness or other legitimate reasons, as determined by the professor. •   Non-Provost Excused absences still count toward the total number of absences toward an “FN.” •   Students are responsible for making up missed work before the next class following an excused absence. •   If you miss a laboratory session, contact me as soon as possible, preferably within 48 hours. Students with an excused absence will be provided with an opportunity to complete the missed work or an equivalent assignment when the original laboratory activity cannot be reproduced. Work missed because of an unexcused absence cannot be made up. •   Late registrants will accrue absences for any meetings missed before registration. •   Arriving after the lecture begins counts as tardy. Two instances of tardiness equal one absence. Failure for Non-Attendance If a student’s absences, excluding Provost’s Excused Absences, exceed 20 percent of the course’s total meeting time, I may assign a grade of FN (Failure for Non-Attendance), consistent with University policy. For this course, 20 percent of the 62 scheduled contact hours is roughly 12 hours. Therefore, accumulating 13 or more hours of absence may result in an FN. A laboratory absence counts as two hours. Provost’s Excused Absences If a class absence is necessary due to participation in a university-sponsored activity, the sponsor must provide a detailed memorandum on University Provost letterhead at least two weeks before the event. If approved, the Provost will countersign the memo, creating a Provost’s Excuse. Copies are provided to students, who must present them to the instructor to receive an excused absence and permission to make up missed work. The memo must include the names of participating students, the type of event, and the event’s date range. •   Students on university business, for example athletics or bands, must consult me at least one week before any missed classes. •   Submit all Provost Excuses before your absence. •   Test dates are posted at the start of the semester. If a conflict arises, notify me promptly so we can arrange accommodation. •   Makeup exams must be scheduled by the student within the timeframe I set.