SECTION B QUESTION 3 3.1 Read the passage below and an…
SECTION B QUESTION 3 3.1 Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow. Lung cancer is one of the leading cause of cancer deaths among South African men and it is the most common cancer worldwide. In South Africa, lung cancer is the third most common cancer in men and the fifth leading cancer in women in terms of diagnosis. The main cause of lung cancer is tobacco smoking and the risk increases with the number of cigarettes smoked and how long the person has smoked. About 60% of all lung cancer deaths in South Africa are due to tobacco smoking and over 8% of all deaths are due to smoking. Over 44 000 South Africans a year die of tobacco-related diseases which includes lung cancer. Other known causes of lung cancer include breathing in second-hand tobacco smoke, domestic and industrial pollution. Many lung cancers start in the cells lining the interior passages of the lungs and are called carcinomas of the bronchus (bronchogenic carcinomas). Carcinogenic (cancer-causing) substances present in cigarette smoke are known to be the cause of most lung cancers, emphysema, bronchitis vascular disease and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Heavy smoking is without doubt an important causative factor in the development of lung cancer. Warning Signs: Chronic cough. Increasing breathlessness. Coughing up blood-stained sputum. A dull ache or a sharp pain when coughing or taking a deep breath. Loss of appetite and loss of weight.
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