Grand Forks Fish Market buys fresh Boston bluefish daily for $20.00 per pound and sells it for $30.00 per pound. At the end of each business day, any remaining bluefish is sold to a producer of cat food for $ 5 per pound. Daily demand can be a normal distribution with a mean of 2000 pounds and a standard deviation of 1000 pounds. Use the table below for Z-value.  What is the optimal stocking level?                                Service Level             Z-Value                                    0.3333                   – 0.432                                    0.4                          – 0.253                                    0.5                                 0                                    0.6667                     0.432                      

SYN cookies stop the SYN flooding attack.

Alice logs into an e-commerce site, abcshopping.com, that also provides a message feature. Post authentication, every user’s session is associated with an authenticated session ID. Bob sends Alice a message with a tag that says. What type of attack Bob is attempting on Alice? How can the website eliminate the threat from such attack vectors? [3+3pts]

Fuzzing-based bug detection tends to have less false positives, compared to static analysis–based detection.

In general, a blocklist-based approach is less secure than an allowlist-based approach because the list cannot be exhaustive

Control-flow hijacking attacks often corrupt control data such as return addresses and function pointers.

Web of trust relies on centralized CAs to manage certificates.

Jordan works as a red-team security analyst for a technology company that deploys large-scale AI-driven content-moderation services. These AI systems receive user-generated text, images, and videos, and automatically classify or filter harmful content. Jordan is concerned about whether the system is robust and safe, especially given the increasing number of adversarial inputs designed to bypass AI moderation. Jordan would like to conduct penetration testing by crafting adversarial prompts and manipulated inputs, similar to fuzz testing, that intentionally attempt to break or deceive the AI moderation algorithms. However, the AI service is currently deployed in production, actively moderating content for millions of users in real time. Jordan’s tests would be executed directly against the live system. (a) [6 pts] Discuss the ethical concerns that arise from performing this type of testing on a production AI moderation system with real users. Consider impacts on users, system integrity, privacy, service availability, and professional responsibilities.     (b) [6 pts] Discuss how Jordan could design or conduct the testing in an ethical and responsible manner while still achieving the security-testing goals. Provide concrete steps or safeguards (e.g., environment separation, permissions, data protections, audit procedures).

Because of their importance, voting machines are often written in safe languages and are well maintained. 

In the following code, find four errors or problems thatwill cause security issues (e.g., integer overflow, race condition) orreliability issues (e.g., crash, undefined behavior) at runtime.For each error or problem, use one sentence to describe the error or problem(also list the line number), and use one sentence to describe your fix.No syntax issues. [4 × 4 pts]