During a recent hurricane disaster in Puerto Rico, a jaundice 7 year old boy with a history of drinking water taken from a rat-infested pond presents with a flu-like syndrome. Because of the clinical presentation and history, a urine sample was submitted for direct dark-field examination. Several spiral-shaped organisms are seen moving on the slide. The organism also grew in Fletcher’s media.  Which of the following should the physician suspect as responsible for the patient’s condition?

A 35 year old pregnant femalewith fever, chills nausea and vomiting is admitted to the hospital. On further examination, the patient seemed incoherent and confused. CSF and blood cultures are taken and sent to the laboratory for examination.  Gram stained findings on the CSF showed gram positive non-spore forming rods. The colonies produced a narrow zone of beta hemolysis on sheep blood agar; catalase was produced. Based on these findings, you would suspect:

 Both blood and urine cultures are positive for an oxidase-negative, gram-negative rod that is colorless on MacConkey agar.  Biochemical reactions include the following: TSIA                               A/A no gas and no H2S Phenylalanine deaminase:    negative Indole:                             negative Citrate:                            positive Motility:                           positive DNAse:                            positive Lysine decarboxylase:        positive Ornithine decarboxylase:    positive Arabinose:                        alkaline The opportunistic pathogen that demonstrates these reactions is:

In the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test, if the plates used for the antibiotic susceptibility test are thinner than the recommended thickness of 3 – 5 mm, the zone diameter will show which of the following after proper incubation?

Bartonella henselae is the causative agent of which of the following diseases?

Effective leadership in sport always requires only one, consistent leadership style regardless of the athletes’ needs.

Which of the following is a common sign of burnout in athletes?

EM_2413_Final_Exam_Summer_2026_2nd_Five_weeks.pdf

Based on the following research summary, what are the research method and design used in this study?   Football is often recognized for its competitive nature, but it also plays an important role in shaping relationships and communities. This study investigates how participation in football contributes to the development of social capital by fostering cooperation, strengthening social networks, and encouraging personal growth among players. Guided by Social Action Theory and Social Network Theory, the researchers sought to describe how interactions on and off the field influence the formation of trust, teamwork, and shared values. To answer these questions, the researchers observed football teams throughout a competitive season, interviewed players and coaches about their experiences, and examined organizational documents related to team culture and participation. Information gathered from these sources was compared to identify common patterns in communication, social interaction, and the development of relationships within teams. The findings suggest that football provides an environment where individuals develop stronger social connections, learn to work collaboratively, and build qualities such as trust, responsibility, and mutual support. These experiences not only benefit individual participants but also strengthen the broader communities in which teams are embedded. Overall, the study demonstrates that football functions as more than a sport—it also serves as an important setting for building social capital and promoting positive social development.

Based on the following research summary, which of the following represents the primary themes examined in this study?   Football is often recognized for its competitive nature, but it also plays an important role in shaping relationships and communities. This study investigates how participation in football contributes to the development of social capital by fostering cooperation, strengthening social networks, and encouraging personal growth among players. Guided by Social Action Theory and Social Network Theory, the researchers sought to describe how interactions on and off the field influence the formation of trust, teamwork, and shared values. To answer these questions, the researchers observed football teams throughout a competitive season, interviewed players and coaches about their experiences, and examined organizational documents related to team culture and participation. Information gathered from these sources was compared to identify common patterns in communication, social interaction, and the development of relationships within teams. The findings suggest that football provides an environment where individuals develop stronger social connections, learn to work collaboratively, and build qualities such as trust, responsibility, and mutual support. These experiences not only benefit individual participants but also strengthen the broader communities in which teams are embedded. Overall, the study demonstrates that football functions as more than a sport—it also serves as an important setting for building social capital and promoting positive social development.