GIVEN: Normal hemoglobin is a tetramer, consisting of two po…
GIVEN: Normal hemoglobin is a tetramer, consisting of two polpeptides of beta hemoglobin and two polypeptides of alpha hemoglobin. In sickle-cell disease, as a result of a single amino acid change, the mutant hemoglobin tetramers associate with each other and assemble into large fibers. Based on this information alone, we can conclude that sickle-cell hemoglobin exhibits
Read DetailsA 24-year-old female presented to the ED with nausea, vomiti…
A 24-year-old female presented to the ED with nausea, vomiting, and jaundice. The physician ordered a chemistry profile and a urinalysis. The following abnormal results were noted.Total Serum Bilirubin = 7.9 mg/dL [0-1.0 mg/dL]Conjugated Serum Bilirubin = 5.8 mg/dL [0-0.5 mg/dL]AST = 276 U/L [0-50 U/L]ALP = 148 U/L [0-150 U/L]Urine bilirubin = 1+ [Negative]Urobilinogen = 1 mg/dL [Normal]Determine the type of bilirubin present and the most likely cause of the elevated results.
Read DetailsA new organism is discovered in the forests of Costa Rica. S…
A new organism is discovered in the forests of Costa Rica. Scientists there determine that the polypeptide sequence of hemoglobin from the new organism has 72 amino acid differences from humans, 65 differences from a gibbon, 49 differences from a rat, and 5 differences from a frog. These data suggest that the new organism
Read DetailsOnce the set-point temperature of an organism is exceeded, b…
Once the set-point temperature of an organism is exceeded, behavioral and/or physiological mechanisms are initiated to bring their internal temperature down. The decrease of temperature in response to the stimulus of “hot” is an example of:
Read DetailsYou’re studying bacteria that is undergoing DNA replication….
You’re studying bacteria that is undergoing DNA replication. When you centrifuge the DNA isolated from the bacteria, the DNA separates in the test tube into two bands. One band of DNA includes very large molecules (tens of thousands or even millions of nucleotides long), and the other includes short stretches of DNA (several hundred to a few thousand nucleotides in length). These two bands of DNA probably represent
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