A 5-year-old boy presents with developmental delay, a long face, large ears, and enlarged testes. His teacher notes attention difficulties and social anxiety. Family history reveals maternal relatives with similar findings. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A clinical instructor is reviewing a student’s completed grossing sheets and corresponding cassettes from a radical prostatectomy. Which of the following CLIA competency elements does this activity satisfy?

A medical student confuses the terms used for embryologic kidney development. You ask them to match the correct structure with its ultimate fate. Which of the following is correctly matched with its adult structure?

A 30-year-old woman with pre-existing hypertension becomes pregnant. She is closely monitored for blood pressure and proteinuria. Why is this patient at greater risk for preeclampsia?

A 2-year-old girl presents with an abdominal mass found on physical exam. Imaging reveals a large renal mass. Her history includes hemihyperplasia and macroglossia, and she has an omphalocele scar from infancy. Genetic testing confirms a mutation affecting chromosome 11p15. Which gene is most likely altered and contributes to tumorigenesis in this patient?

A clinical laboratory’s listing on the CMS Laboratory Registry has recently been marked inactive due to a lapse in CLIA certification renewal. As a result, the lab is not permitted to submit claims for Medicare or Medicaid reimbursement. Which of the following best explains why this occurred?

A neonate presents with a large lumbar cystic mass. Neurological exam reveals paralysis of the lower limbs and loss of bowel/bladder control. Imaging confirms herniation of both meninges and spinal cord. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Michael presents to the outpatient clinic with a persistent productive cough, nasal congestion, and episodes of sinus pressure. He reports these symptoms have been present since early childhood and have worsened in recent months. He frequently coughs up thick yellow-green sputum and has had multiple diagnoses of bronchitis and sinus infections each year. He also notes difficulty breathing during exercise and chronic postnasal drip. He recalls being told during a school screening that his heart sounds were on the “wrong side,” though no follow-up was done at that time.  The diagnosis is most likely ________.

Damage to which cranial nerve will result in anosmia?

Your lab receives Proficiency Testing (PT) results indicating a failure to correctly identify tissue type in one of the slides submitted. The laboratory manager initiates a corrective action plan and documents the investigation. Which step of the PT process is being illustrated here?