Symptoms of black widow spider envenomation typically include:

How’s the class going for you? Write 1 -2 sentences, consider expanding one or more of the following topics: Study habits & strategy: Are they effective? Why or why not? Time management & work/life/school balance: Were you able to prioritize graduate school this week? Motivation & goals: Are you feeling motivated? What are your goals? Wellness: Are you sleeping, exercising, and balancing life to support success?

Course Objective 2: Physiological changes that occur in specific diseases Restless leg syndrome is caused in part due to dopaminergic, adenosine, & GABA neurotransmission dysfunction. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is caused by collapse of the oral airway with cessation of breathing. Insomnia is caused by hyperarousal of the thalamus, amygdala, &anterior cingulate Shift work sleep disorder (SWSD) = characterized by insomnia and excessive sleepiness affecting people whose work hours overlap with the typical sleep period Delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS) = a delay in rhythms of sleep and temperature cycles, is caused by mutation of a gene involved in the rhythmicity of neurons of the SCN Parasomnias = abnormal behaviors such as nightmares or sleepwalking that occur during sleep Insomnia = recurring problems in falling or staying asleep Acute and chronic stress patho: In chronic stress, elevated glucocorticoids and insulin levels redistribute stored calories to the abdominal region, where fat tissue can begin generating glucocorticoids locally.  The NP student did not realize how time consuming school would be, so they have been extremely stressed trying to working full-time, studying, and caring for their family. This chronic stress over the past year has impacted the NP student’s ability to learn course content due to  cortisol decreasing hippocampus synaptic plasticity. Selye’s theory suggests that our body has an adaptational response to stressors, for example stress on the neurological system can lead to amyloid and tau deposits which can lead to which disease? Alzheimer’s disease A patient with chronic psychological stress is found to have elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and signs of cognitive decline. The nurse practitioner explains that stress may be affecting the brain’s immune system. Microglia become activated during stress, increasing cytokine production and potentially compromising the BBB.  The NP student knows that acute stress in a female of child-bearing age can often lead to delayed ovulation  What are the 3 stages of Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)? Alarm; Resistance; Exhaustion Sleep Patho A 48-year-old man has recently been diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea with an apnea-hypopnea index of 21.2/hr. He presents to the clinic for follow-up because he tried CPAP in the sleep laboratory and felt uncomfortable with it. He asks what the potential risks would be to his health if he chose to forego treatment. What advice should the NP give him?  Untreated obstructive sleep apnea has an increased risk of mortality due to cardiovascular events including myocardial infarction and stroke. Untreated obstructive sleep apnea raises nocturnal blood pressure, and treatment with CPAP can lead to drop in blood pressure. Untreated obstructive sleep apnea is associated with a sevenfold increased risk of automobile accidents. Untreated obstructive sleep apnea has an increased risk of depression.  A 47 year old female presents to the NP complaining of “creepy crawlies” all over legs when she tries to sleep. She feels exhausted as the sensation is preventing her from getting a good night’s rest. The NP suspects restless leg syndrome and knows there is likely dopaminergic dysfunction involved in this disorder. The FNP is a seeing a 25-year-old man who comes to the clinic because of daytime sleepiness for the past 3 months. He is working in a banking office and just dozes off at his desk. His coworkers have woken him up a few at work, and he does not even recall falling asleep. He also says his daytime naps are increasing in frequency. He describes these naps as a “sudden desire to fall asleep, sometimes involuntarily”. He sleeps on average 7-8 hours a night. His lab work shows no abnormalities and no anemia. The FNP had already ordered a sleep study 2 months ago, and that showed no sleep apnea. The FNP suspects his symptoms are related to low levels of which of the following orexin (hypocretin). The presentation is suggestive of narcolepsy, which theories attribute to low levels of orexin or hypocretin, a wake-promoting neurochemical. Chronic, unrelenting stress and sleep deprivation can increase a patient’s cancer risk through which of the following THREE mechanisms: oxidative stress leading to DNA mutations, immune suppression of NK cells,  and increased cytokine release and inflammation. A 48-year-old man with a body mass index of 28.9 kg/m2 is diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea with 42 apneic events per hour and a minimum oxygen saturation of 78%. Which best describes the pathogenesis of this condition?  Transient episodes of pharyngeal collapse   Nurses who have worked night shifts for over 10 years show an epigenetic age approximately 3 years older than those who have never worked night shifts. This difference is partly due to changes in DNA methylation  

What objective or concept was challenging for you? Identify one concept you missed on the quiz (be specific) Explain in detail, what you now understand after reviewing it. If you scored 100%, write “I did not miss any questions.”

I commit that all of the work, including written assignments and quizzes, I will submit are a result of my individual work only. I will not collaborate with any other student or use any other student’s work to complete any quizzes or assignments for RPTM 394.

(This is the last test question. When you finish, please remember to show your BLANK whiteboard to the camera.)  Which findings should prompt the nurse to communicate with the health care provider about obtaining arterial blood gases? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.

A patient has all of the following health problems. Which problem causes the nurse to be alert for an increased risk for drug side effects?

The provider writes an order for Nystatin Oral Suspension 250,000 units by mouth every 6 hours for thrush. Following these orders, how many units would this patient receive in 24 hours?

The nurse is generating solutions (planning) for a patient who has chronic lung disease and hypoxia. The patient has been admitted for increased oxygen needs above a baseline of 2 L/min. The nurse generates an expected outcomes stating, “The patient will have oxygen saturations of >95% on room air at the time of discharge from the hospital.” What is wrong with this goal?

The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) was enacted to