Carly, Peter, and Fred were all marooned on a desert island after their boat capsized during a violent storm at sea.  They salvaged some food and water from the capsized boat before it sank.  They split the supplies up equally into thirds and they each took a third.  Near the end of two weeks, the supplies were very low and all of them were starving and extremely dehydrated.  Carly and Peter decided that Fred was likely to die first because he looked very ill and could no longer even walk from his malnutrition.  That night, Carly and Peter took Fred’s remaining supplies and ran off to the other side of the island.  Fred died the next day from starvation and dehydration. The extra rations that Carly and Peter took from Fred, however, allowed both of them to survive for an additional three days, at which point they were miraculously rescued.  If Carly and Peter are tried criminally for Fred’s death, the best defense they could raise is:

Carletta, a bartender, was working one evening when a customer started saying inappropriate things to her about her body. Carletta just ignored the customer’s comments but, at one point—when she brought over a drink that the customer had ordered—he caressed her face and said, “Smile, sweetheart.”  Carletta smacked his hand away with one hand and then shoved him with her other hand, which almost caused him to fall off his barstool.  The customer then pulled out a gun and pointed it at Carletta while screaming “No woman treats me like that!”  Carletta ducked behind the bar just as she heard a gunshot fire.  Carletta grabbed a shotgun that was hidden underneath the bar, pointed it upwards, and fired and hit the customer just as he leaned over the bar with his own gun still in hand. The customer suffered severe, life-threatening injuries and was rushed to the hospital.  During surgery, the doctor operating on the customer suddenly realized that the customer was a guy from the doctor’s neighborhood who tried to kill the doctor’s dog.  The doctor then intentionally botched the surgery, which caused the customer to die. Carletta is charged with murder for the customer’s death.  Should she be convicted?

Note: For this exercise, you may use the provided scratch paper to perform calculations. Please write your name and G# on the top of the page and return to the proctor when you have completed the exam.   Galactica 3000, is a galaxy simulator developed by the (fictitious) computational astrophysics institute at GMU. It is used to model the evolution of galaxies. A simulation consists of two main parts: Gravitational calculations (80% of the runtime): These are parallelizable and can be sped up by adding more processors. Black hole collision predictions (20% of the runtime): Due to the complexity of interactions, this part is not parallelizable. The institute is considering purchasing a new supercomputer with 16 processors to speed up the simulation. The director asks you to evaluate the expected speedup of Galactica 3000 when run on this new hardware. Question 1: Using Amdahl’s law, calculate the theoretical speedup of the simulation on the 16-processor supercomputer. Question 2: Suppose the engineers manage to improve the code so that 95% of the runtime becomes parallelizable. Recalculate the theoretical speedup for this improved version. Question 3: The director wants the simulation to run 10× faster than the current version. Is it possible with the 16-processor supercomputer? If not, how much of the program must be parallelizable to achieve this goal?

Which of the following goods are likely to have many substitutes?

The United States is consistently a net [1] of agricultural goods. The U.S. is a net [2] of goods overall. 

Provide two specific ways prenatal care impacts maternal and child health. 

Which of the following are not considered to be part of the “farm problem” in the economy?

How does education impact health outcomes?

Which two factors are impacted by climate change? 

Which of the following is NOT a principle of the HACCP system?