BONUS: A respiratory therapist has been assigned to administer Airway Clearance Technique (ACT) to a number of patients on the ward. In which of the following conditions may ACT be contraindicated?I. Foreign body aspirationII. Mucus pluggingIII. EmpyemaIV. Treated pneumothorax

A therapist viewing frontal and lateral neck x-rays of a 2 year old child and notices what is described as a “picket-fence sign”. Which of the following conditions does this child likely have?

A 16 year old pediatric patient (5’ 8” in height) has had his appendix removed and the physician has ordered an incentive spirometry every 1-2 hours while awake. Based on this information which of the following are true?I. the patient’s minimal volume goal is 2100 millilitersII. only an initial instruction should be performedIII. the patient’s minimal volume goal is 700 millilitersIV. if the patient cannot reach 630 milliliters, more aggressive therapy should be recommended.

BONUS: As the therapist auscultates over an infant’s larynx, he hears a very low-pitched sound. On the basis of this finding, what type of obstruction is he likely to have regarding the nature of the upper airway obstruction?

Which of the following would be the best treatment of choice for a severe foreign body obstruction?

The respiratory therapist is assisting the pulmonologist on a methacholine challenge. After inhalation of the fourth concentration of methacholine, the FEV1 decreases to 25%. What should the therapist suggest at this time?

For which of the following patients is incentive spirometry contraindicated?I. Able to follow commandsII. Physically disabledIII. Undergone thoracic surgeryIV. Very young

  During aerobic respiration, electrons “fall” or “travel downhill” in step-wise fashion along which sequence?   (hint:  think about where electrons start, go, and then their ultimate destination and think less about the steps of cellular respiration!)  

  We have discussed a few major redox reactions involving the processes of oxidation coupled with reduction.  Oxidation and reduction reactions are chemical processes that result in a gain or loss of ________.     (hint: do not think too hard about this one!!!… chemistry is basically the study of the flow of these little guys)    

  Glucose is broken down through cellular respiration, which involves a large number of chemical reactions.  At the end of the cellular respiration process, a large number of ATP molecules are generated, but yet, not all of the possible energy that is contained in a molecule of glucose can be harnessed through these chemical reactions to generate ATP.  In other words, during cellular respiration, not all of the energy that is contained in a molecule of glucose is converted into the energy stored in ATP. What happens to the remaining energy (think 2nd Law of Thermodynamics!)?