Antibiotic resistance can be passed horizontally among bacteria via:

What process did Howard Florey and Ernst Chain use to get a strain of Penicillium chrysogeum that yield enough penicillin to manufacture commercially?

Using the FBI standard 13 STR + sex marker prototocol. the random match probabilities of two people having the same DNA profile is typically:  

The probability of two random people with the same DNA profile is calculated by:

During ______________ the dyads of homologous chromosomes wrap around each other forming a tetrad.

The New Mexico whiptail lizard has a unique feature. The entire species is:

The diversity of offspring resulting from sex with _______ is a female’s insurance policy for protecting her young from fast-evolving predators and parasites.

DNA profilers search for intergenic regions of the genome that vary in the number of tandem repeats in a population. What kind of tandem repeats does the FBI use in their standard DNA profile?

The typical frequency of a genotype for an STR in the population is less than 10 percent.

Alexander Fleming, the discoverer of penicillin, warned about the development of antibiotic resistance due to: