In most institutions, the custodial force has graded ranks similar to 

Most prison violence occurs between ___________.

The organizational structure of correctional institutions has changed very little over time.

Specialized facilities for frail inmates and those with physical or mental disabilities are used to protect ________ inmates from younger prisoners.  

Austin is serving a three-year sentence for burglary.  He suffers from PTSD, bipolar disorder, and social anxiety.  He continues to serve time in segregation for fighting.  He is participating in individual therapy sessions focusing on the treatment of the mind, but doesn’t see much good in doing so. What special population is Austin categorized under?

Which of the following is NOT one of the major trends in corrections?​

Ben was sentenced to life in prison at the age of 57.  This was the first time he was incarcerated.  At the age of 71, he had a stroke and could no longer care for himself.  For the first time in his incarceration, he was moved to a new living unit.  At the age of 86 he was placed in hospice care and released to the care of his family. What special population is Ben identified with?

Modern probation was invented in the United States at the start of the twentieth century.

Prison treatment groups are often highly confrontational.

Prison disorder, including riots, staff murders, escapes, and inmate homicides, is proportionately rarer today than in past.