The companion-action load factors were chosen to provide results for the companion-action load effects that would be likely during an instance in which the principal variable load is maximized.

Lengths of reinforcing bars are generally given in 2-in. increments.

Concrete and reinforced concrete are used all over the globe due to the relatively simple skills required in concrete construction, the economy of concrete construction compared to other forms of construction, and the low availability of reinforcing bars, aggregate, water and cement.

Column strengths are related directly to concrete strength.

Given that dead load = 50 kips, live load = 22 kips, rain load = 4 kips, and wind load = 12 kips, choose the equation that represents the largest factored load.

When a structure or structural element becomes unfit for its intended use, it is said to have reached a/an _______ state.

Occupancy loads, wind loads, furniture loads, and snow loads are examples of permanent loads.

A direct action is a movement or deformation that does not result from applied loads, but that causes stresses in the structure.

An indirect action is a movement or deformation that does not result from applied loads, but that causes stresses in the structure.

Dead loads are caused by the self weight of a structure and any materials permanently incorporated into the structure.