Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of using a dull instrument?

Which of the following is not an advantage to using a fulcrum when instrumenting?

Pain in internal organs and the lining of the body cavities is called

The NNP is caring for a child with retinopathy of prematurity. Which of the following is the best explanation of the condition? 

The PNP observes a 3-year-old patient has leukocoria (the pupil appears white rather than red, during the eye exam). The child is at highest risk for which genetic disorder?

The NNP is caring for a neonate experiencing opioid withdrawal, due to maternal substance use disorder while in utero.  Which body systems are most affected due to a high number of opioid receptors? 

A 50-year-old man has experienced devastating consequences in his family and work life as a result of her long-standing alcohol addiction. The levels and pathways of which of the following neurotransmitters in his body are likely to differ the MOST from an individual without addiction?

A 4-year-old boy has had otitis media with effusion (OME) for several weeks, and his condition has recently progressed to acute otitis media (AOM). Which of the following factors could have contributed to his AOM? 

A person who uses cocaine requires consuming larger & larger doses of the substance to achieve the same euphoric feeling. This phenomenon is possibly due to:

A 23-year-old man has was brought to a clinic in an urban setting by his mother. He has resided in the urban city, living with his mother for his whole life.  The patient’s mother tells you that the patient has been acting strange. Eight months ago, he spontaneously lost his job, which he previously enjoyed, without any reason. The mother adds he is ignoring his friends, talking to himself, and telling her there are people trying to harm him. The patient recreationally uses alcohol, and has started smoking cigarettes. He was diagnosed with migraines 3 years ago, but otherwise has never had any health problems. You suspect the patient has schizophrenia. Which of the following is considered a risk factor in the disease?