As players on a social “stage,” we may wish to emphasize some personal aspect to others, as well as to ourselves. This is called ________.

Giving priority to one’s own goals over group goals, and defining one’s identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications is the definition of

Sally is interested in purchasing a DVD player, and is overwhelmed by the many different models available at her local electronics store. She decides to consult a magazine devoted to reviewing the quality of home electronics. After reading a number of articles stating the pros and cons of each model, she decides on a DVD player. Sally has been persuaded to purchase this particular DVD player because of the _______ route to persuasion.

Trina is a successful manager in a mid-sized male-dominated manufacturing company. She expects immediate compliance when she gives an order and rarely explains the reason for her commands to subordinates. She also tends to focus her attention and efforts on the task at hand, preferring to deal with task-based issues rather than more global concerns. Joyce holds a comparable position with another company. Unlike Trina, Joyce tends to focus her attention on more global concerns and tries to explain the reasoning behind any orders she gives to subordinates. Which of these two managers is more likely to report gender discrimination because of their different leadership styles?

You are participating in a social psychological research experiment and the researcher reads the instructions to you and the other participants so that all of you hear the same instructions. By standardizing the instructions, the researcher is attempting to control the:

A psychiatrist tells you that she is interested in determining if the condition of individuals who are clinically depressed improves with either 20 or 40 milligrams of Prozac. She decides to administer 20 milligrams to a random half of her clients, and 40 milligrams to the other half. She finds that after six months, the clients who took 40 milligrams of Prozac are significantly less depressed than those clients who took 20 milligrams of Prozac. Which type of study did the psychiatrist conduct?

Assuming that everyone thinks you are a jerk because you forgot to show up at a dinner party with a gift for the host can be considered an example of the _____ effect.

Costco sells vodka under its own Kirkland brand name even though another company actually produces this product. This is an example of a

Adam works for a highly bureaucratic organization. What is Adam likely to encounter in his work environment?

The tendency to presume, sometimes despite contrary odds, that someone or something belongs to a particular group because it resembles a typical member is referred to as the _______ heuristic.