The University of Illinois team, Chi-Hing Cheng, Arthur DeVries, and Liangbao Chen, discovered the ancestral gene for __________ in notothenioids.

Based on the DNA record, which is the correct order of steps in the pathway of Antarctic icefish evolution. 1. Loss of erythrocytes and hemoglobin 2. Loss of myoglobin 3. Invention of antifreeze glycoprotein and cold-stable tubulin    

In 1954, Johan Rund published his findings in the scientific journal Nature. It was the first report of ___________ lacking hemoglobin in their blood.

How did Johan Rund first hear about bloodless fish living in the Southern Ocean in 1929?

What molecule found in the sera of notothenioids is a polypeptide composed of repeats of three amino acids: threonine, alanine, and alanine–with a disaccharide attached to the threonine?  

Bruce Sidell (University of Maine) and his colleagues examined the myoglobin gene in icefish with pale hearts. Which of the following is correct about their findings? Mark all that apply.

Who discovered that the sera of several notothenioids froze at temperatures (-2.0 – 2.1 C) well below the freezing point of temperate fish (0.8 C)?  

Johan Rund was able to examine fresh icefish himself for the first time in 1953. He drew a blood sample from the fish and made a blood smear. How many erythrocytes did he count?

True or False. The laboratory exercise 24 had several survey organisms from the Domain Archebacteria/Archae.

Which of the following mechanisms are responsible for maintaining the acid-base balance by the kidney? Select all that apply