When large amounts of steel are to be used, they can be bundled together. This decreases the required development length of each bar.

Which is generally shorter?

Compute φVn for the cross section shown. Assume f’c = 4,000 psi, fyt = 60,000 psi, b = 15 in., d = 24 in., and that there are four No. 7 longitudinal tension bars and No. 5 stirrups at 6 in. o.c.

Evaluate sec 240° without using a calculator by using ratios in a reference triangle. (5 points)

Determine the epoxy modification factor, ψe, for a rectangular beam with b = 17 in. and d = 22 in., five epoxy-coated No. 8 Grade 60 tension-reinforcement bars placed in the top of the beam, and No. 3 Grade 40 stirrups located every 10 in. along the span. Assume 4,000-psi normal-weight concrete and a clear cover of 2 in.

A 120-mm-long beam supports a load of P = 31 N at midspan. The cross section is rectangular with width b = 26 mm and height h = 40 mm. Determine the magnitude of the horizontal shear stress at the centroid of the cross section.

The X is indicating which structure?  

54. André ___________ les devoirs.

Flexibility and being limber are important in aiding performance and the ability to move smoothly while skiing or snowboarding.

Determine the size modification factor, ψs, for a rectangular beam with b = 18 in. and d = 23 in., three uncoated No. 7 Grade 60 tension-reinforcement bars placed in the top of the beam, and No. 3 Grade 40 stirrups located every 8 in. along the span. Assume 4,000-psi normal-weight concrete and a clear cover of 1.75 in.