Smoking harms the ___________________ in the respiratory tract interfering with _________________ an important defense mechanism of hte respiratory system.

In lab you were asked to assess how long you could hold your breath after breathing normally and then after hyperventilating for 30 seconds.  Explain the outcome of our class’s experiment in terms of physiology.  In other words, why did one situation allow you to hold your breath for longer.

Answer the following questions about pH. If you tested a solution with pH paper and it turned dark purple, what pH is the solution? _______ Use the image of the vial below to determine this answer. What does the pH of this solution indicate about the concentration of H+ (write high, normal, low): _______

A nephron tubule has become blocked by a calcium crystal. Filtrate coming from the corpuscle is building up and pushing against the wall of the capillary. Which pressure is increasing in this scenario? 

Identify the structures labeled on the model image below: Identify A: _______ Identify B: _______ (the brown region on the model)

Define forced expiratory volume (FEV).   LIST 1 lifestyle factor that can DECREASE FEV1.

Identify the labeled structures in the image of the model below and answer the questions: A: _______ What specific segment of the gastrointesitnal tract would this be found? _______ B: _______ C: _______ (what part of the organ wall is C located on?)

Identify the structures labeled on the model image below. Identify A: _______ Identify B: _______ Identify C: _______

James has a low blood pressure.  In response his kidney’s secrete ______________, which causes the nephron to reabsorb sodium (and water via osmosis), resulting in an increased _________________.

Identify  the structures labeled on the model. Identify A: _______ Identify B: _______