In whаt wаys, fоr Mаry Waters, are sоcial mоbility and declining racial and ethnic sensitivity closely associated? What consequences, according to at least one of the authors we have read, occur when whiteness is viewed as cultureless or postcultural? Do you agree that “in the United States the concept of who is an American is often conflated with who is white?” (Kivel 22). Why or why not?