Tоm, а single mаn, typed а dоcument оn his computer with the heading “My Will" saying, “I want to leave $25,000 in a trust for my son Sam’s medical expenses, even though I haven’t seen him in 20 years. I want everything else to go to my Navy Seal buddy Charlie and I want Charlie to be in charge of the trust.” Tom printed it and asked his pastor Brad and Charlie to watch him sign it in Fellowship Hall after church. Pastor Brad got distracted when someone pulled him aside to ask a question. From where he was standing, Brad could see Tom’s back, but not his hand or the will, though he heard Tom say, "This is my signature." Charlie watched Tom sign, then Brad came over to sign as witness while Tom watched, but Charlie had stepped out to answer his phone and didn’t see Brad sign. Later that year, Tom handwrote on a napkin, “I still want Charlie to make sure the $25,000 helps with Sam’s medical expenses, and I want Charlie to have everything except my coin collection; that goes to my niece, Jane." Tom signed the note and stapled it to his typed will. Tom died a month later. Charlie submits the typed will and napkin note to probate. Jane claims the coin collection per the napkin note. Sam challenges the validity of both documents. Answer according to California law. Was Tom’s typed will valid, and did it establish a valid trust? Was Tom’s handwritten napkin note a valid holographic will codicil? In what portion of Tom’s estate, if any, do Charlie, Jane, and Sam have an interest?
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