Befоre entering the Krebs cycle, pyruvаte is cоnverted intо __________.
Reаd the text then chооse оne prompt аnd write аn essay. Detailed requirements appear after the text. You are not permitted to use: a dictionary (paper or digital) another device another website AI including grammar checkers such as Grammarly You may use: your amazing brain scratch paper your personal knowledge and experience _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Why do we procrastinate, and how can we stop? Experts have answers. (Adapted from “Why do we procrastinate, and how can we stop? Experts have answers.” by Angela Haupt, The Washington Post, July 9, 2021) Joseph Ferrari, a professor of psychology at DePaul University in Chicago has found that about 20 percent of adults are chronic procrastinators. Among Ferrari’s findings: Chronic procrastination doesn’t discriminate based on gender, race or age; we’re all susceptible. As he put it: “Everybody procrastinates, but not everyone is a procrastinator.” And contrary to popular belief, procrastinating has little to do with laziness. It’s far more complicated, he said, than simply being a matter of time management. Why do we procrastinate? To understand what causes procrastination, it’s important to be clear about what it is. Fuschia Sirois, a professor of psychology at the University of Sheffield in England, defines procrastination as “The voluntary, unnecessary delay of an important task, despite knowing you’ll be worse off for doing so.” On its surface, procrastination is an irrational behavior, Sirois said: “Why would somebody put something off to the last minute, and then they’re stressed out of their mind, and they end up doing a poor job or less than optimal job on it? And then they feel bad about it afterward, and it may even have implications for other people.” The reason, she said, has to do with emotional self-regulation — and an inability to manage negative moods around a certain task. We usually don’t procrastinate on fun things, she said. We procrastinate on tasks we find “difficult, unpleasant, aversive or just plain boring or stressful.” If a task feels especially overwhelming or provokes significant anxiety, it’s often easiest to avoid it. Dangers of procrastination Whatever type of procrastinator you are, pushing off tasks over and over again is a risk factor for poor mental and physical health, experts say. Chronic procrastinators have higher levels of stress and a greater number of acute health problems than other people. The mental health implications include experiencing general psychological distress and low life satisfaction, as well as symptoms of depression and anxiety. Those who procrastinate are also more likely to experience headaches, insomnia and digestive issues, and they’re more susceptible to the flu and colds. Research suggests that procrastination is associated with sleep problems, such as shorter sleep duration and an increased risk of insomnia symptoms and daytime sleepiness. Overcoming procrastination Practice self-compassion. Procrastinators are often hard on themselves. They might feel guilt about letting others down or be appalled by their own slowness which causes low levels of self-compassion. To counter that, treat yourself with kindness and understanding. Focus on doing your best, instead of getting caught in the trap of worrying about what others think. Attach meaning to the task. One of the best ways to stop procrastinating, Sirois said, is to find meaning in the task in question. Write down why it’s important to you: It could be because getting it done on time is helpful to other people, or because it will help you avoid negative repercussions, such as a late fee or bad grade. Start small. Ferrari likes to reference the expression, “Cannot see the forest for the trees.” The problem of procrastinators is the opposite: All they can see is forest. And they become so overwhelmed by the size of the forest (or project) that they’re paralyzed into inactivity. “I tell them to cut down one tree at a time,” he said. “You can’t do one tree? Give me three branches.” Once you’ve gotten started and made even a small bit of progress on your task, there’s a good chance you’ll keep going, he said. Another tip, he said, is to set deadlines for yourself for those small steps. Carefully choose which task you do first. Some people want to get the most unpleasant tasks out of the way, while others accrue small, easy accomplishments, and then “they feel ready to do that big one.” It’s a matter of personal preference. Situate yourself in a spot that’s interruption-free. This is particularly important for demanding tasks, Rubin said. We get interrupted constantly: by our phones, our families, howling dogs, the TV. But once you’re interrupted, she said, it’s much harder to resume the task you finally started. Reward yourself. Many teachers and parents use the Premack principle, which essentially stipulates that “something somebody wants to do becomes the reward for something they don’t want to do,” Ferrari said. If you have 12 dirty dishes in your sink and your favorite TV show comes on in a half-hour, make a deal with yourself: You can only watch it if you do the dishes first. The idea can be applied to almost anything that you’re pushing off, he said. Enlist external help. Post about your goals on Facebook or Twitter and ask your network to hold you accountable. If you want to go to a big concert, for example, “tell your friends, ‘I will not buy a ticket to Lizzo unless I do A, B and C, and you’ve got to hold me accountable,’ ” Ferrari suggested. “ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Choose one of the prompts below and write a well-developed essay of about 350-500 words. Make sure you understand the prompt and develop it with sufficient support, including your own experience, opinion, and/or facts. In addition, you may refer to an idea or two in the reading (paraphrase carefully), but you must not summarize its main points. You have 90 minutes to complete this task. Prompt 1: The Washington Post article suggests that procrastination has a major impact on people’s mental and physical health. In what ways has procrastination affected your performance in college? Discuss at least two different effects of not completing assignments in timely manner and develop them with relevant details. Share examples from your own life or life of the people you know. Prompt 2: According to The Washington Post article, procrastination can be overcome. In your opinion, what is the best way for you to overcome procrastination in this course? Discuss at least two changes that you will make this semester that would make it less likely for you to procrastinate? Share ideas that have worked for you in the past or people you know. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Reminder: You are not permitted to use: a dictionary (paper or digital) another device another website AI including grammar checkers such as Grammarly You may use: your amazing brain scratch paper your personal knowledge and experience