Immediately after entering the kidney through the renal hilum, the renal artery divides directly into which of the following arterial branches?

A —- is a normal anatomical variant, which appears as a focal cortical bulge on the lateral border of the left kidney, commonly resulting from the spleen pressing against it during development.

The urinary system is located posterior to the peritoneum lining the abdominal cavity in an area called the ——. 

What is a kidney dromedary hump and where is it typically located?

In the regulation of blood pressure, the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) secretes which hormone in response to a decrease in blood pressure or low sodium levels?

——- is the congenital absence of one or both kidneys.

Which of the following coagulation tests requires preheating a grey-top tube?

The most common inherited coagulopathy in dogs, especially Doberman Pinschers, is

What word best describes the lesion(s) “X” below?

The total protein reported includes the combination of