[Relative and Numerical Dating] Fossils can be dated using isotopic dating. Suppose the index fossil had a parent:daughter ratio of 4:12. Use the graph below to determine how many half-lives elapsed.

[Earthquakes] Below is an image of tectonic settings in which earthquakes occur in continental lithosphere. Subduction-related earthquakes in continental crust are not shown. Based on where you located the epicenter of the earthquake, in what type of tectonic setting did this earthquake occur?  

[Earth’s Atmosphere]  Relative humidity is an indication of how much water vapor is present in relation to the overall storage capacity of the air. For example, warm days have much higher capacity for holding water vapor than cool days. On the following image, the relative humidity levels are given for four different weather conditions. Match the weather condition with the correct beaker.

[Oceans] The accumulation of liquid water played a crucial role in the development of life on our planet. But where did the water come from? Place the following events in order to show how our oceans formed.

[Oceans] The following image shows surface salinity values of ocean waters around the globe. Place the climate zones in order from least to most saline based on the image.

[Volcanic Hazards] Laki is the name given to a series of volcanic fissures that erupted catastrophically in 1783. Over the course of five months, the fissures emitted approximately 14 km3 of lava and vast quantities of volcanic gases. Nearly a quarter of all Icelanders perished as a result of the famine this eruption caused.Watch the video on Laki below. Laki Volcanic FissuresLinks to an external site. Using the information provided, characterize the eruption of Laki in 1783 using the choices below.

[Oceans] The following image shows sea-level records for the last 500 million years. Current sea level is shown by the red line. We know that sea levels respond to the overall temperature of the planet. Show that connection by labeling the periods of the graph when the Earth was warmer or cooler than today. Note that every item may not have a match, while some items may have more than one match.

[Oceans] Ocean currents circulate the water within the Earth’s oceans. These currents are powered by several different forces. Watch the following video on ocean currents and then select the main driving forces of ocean currents from the choices listed below. video on ocean currents  

[Oceans] The following graph shows oceanic water temperature with reference to depth for equatorial, tropical, and polar (high latitude) waters. Select the line that represents the highest surface temperature.

[Ocean and Coastal Processes ] Beach erosion from storm surges and daily wave activity is a serious problem in many coastal communities. In an effort to stabilize coastlines, engineers design and install hardened structures such as the ones shown in the animation below. Select “Topics” and watch each animation. Living with the Coast Now, label the three images shown below.